Findings on the Investigation
of Electoral Frauds and Malpractices in 2020
Multi-party Democracy General Election

Findings on election campaign period/ election observation

 The former UEC issued an announcement on 6th September 2020 to allow to start the campaign for 2020 General Elections from 6:00 a.m on 8.9.2020 to 12:00 p.m on 6.11.2020. As soon as the announcement was published, the National League for Democracy (NLD) party started their campaign activities and it indicates that NLD party got the information earlier than the other political parties. The former UEC also issued an announcement of campaign period to broadcast about the policy, attitude and plans of political parties from 8.9.2020 to 6.11.2020 through state media. Out of 92 political parties,85 parties expressed their interests and 7 parties refused to broadcast on State Media. [1] [2]

 Giving the reason that it infringed with prescribed prohibitions, out of 85 political parties, the manuscripts by 64 parties including Union Solidarity Development Party were edited and revised. Therefore, some parties withdrew their requests and cancelled their broadcasting schedule. But it was found that NLD party and 20 other parties were allowed to broadcast their manuscripts without editing.

 Giving the reason of COVID-19 outbreak, there were bias by local authorities and township healthcare support groups which favored NLD party during campaign by misusing the restrictions related to COVID-19 protection and prevention measures in respective constituencies in order to get the permission to do campaign activities such as gathering people, organizing rallies. Moreover, social media monitoring team to monitor Facebook and other social media platforms was established with the permission made after Union government office meeting No.16/2017 which was funded by the President’s Special Funds. The team spent 6,426 million kyats on monitoring and censoring campaign activities by political parties on social media. It is found that NLD party well planned to take the advantage on social media campaign and it was not fair for the other political parties.

 The former State Counselor and U Win Htein stood in front of State Counselor’s house to show their support for car sticker campaign of NLD party in violation of the standard operation procedures (SOP) which prohibited the gathering of 50 people and above on 19.9.2020. The former president U Win Myint and the former State Counselor Daw Aung San Su Kyi welcomed and supported a car campaign which had 220 cars, 32 motorbikes and 760 people from NLD party on 19.9.2020 in violation of COVID-19 related restrictions and it was an act of misusing their political positions. The former State Counselor Daw Aung San Su Kyi did door to door election campaign in Shwe Kyar Pin Ward in Zabuthiri township on 8.8.2020 in violation of COVID-19 related restrictions.

 During campaign period, some Hluttaw representatives from NLD party funded the people by misusing their positions of member of parliament and also misused the funds for COVID-19 by the government which made people believe that it was funds from NLD party, it was found that NLD party took more advantages than other parties during campaign period.

 After Election Day announcement, the former UEC issued the notification of the accreditation procedures for domestic and international election observers on 7th July 2020.1 Although 13 phases were allowed to be observed in the 2015 Multi-party Democracy General Election, it was found that the following phases were cut off to observe in 2020 Multi-party Democracy General Election: [3]

 (a) Election laws, rules, procedures, orders and instructions,
 (b) Voter Information,
 (c) Printing ballot papers and
 (d) Election Dispute Resolution.

 Therefore, observers could not provide any recommendations on legal amendments of election laws, rules and procedures, and were not allowed to observe the printing process such as procurement of ballot papers, the number of damaged ballot papers and distribution plan such as the numbers of ballot papers issued to respective election sub commissions, the additional printing of ballot papers according to the updated voter list just before the election. Moreover, there was no official press release on the ballot paper printing and it indicates the lack of transparency. [4]